sales@jihpump.comCatalogue
一、What is a peristaltic pump?
二、Working principle of a peristaltic pump
三、History of peristaltic pump development
四、Applications of Peristaltic Pumps
五、Advantages of Peristaltic Pump Features
六、Disadvantages of Peristaltic Pump Features
七、Head and Pressure of Peristaltic Pumps
八、Flow Rate of Peristaltic Pumps
九、Application Areas of Peristaltic Pumps
十、Classification of Peristaltic Pumps
十一、Sizing of Peristaltic Pumps
十二、Chemical Compatibility of Peristaltic Pumps
一、What is a peristaltic pump?
A peristaltic pump is a type of positive displacement pump that uses flexible tubes and rollers to move fluids. The pump consists of a circular inner chamber, rollers, and elastic hoses. The hoses are installed inside the chamber, and when the rollers compress the hoses, they form a closed shut-off point. As the rollers rotate, the shut-off point moves along with them. After the rollers leave, the elastic hoses return to their natural state, creating a vacuum that draws in fluid and forces it out by the next set of rollers. This "peristaltic" movement of the hoses is what gives the pump its name. Peristaltic pumps are known for their ability to handle fluids without any valves or seals, making them suitable for sensitive liquids that could be damaged by shear forces.
二、Working principle of a peristaltic pump:
The structure of a peristaltic pump consists of a circular inner chamber, rollers, and elastic hoses. The hoses are installed inside the chamber, and when the rollers compress the hoses, they form a closed shut-off point. As the rollers rotate, the shut-off point moves along with them. After the rollers leave, the elastic hoses return to their natural state, creating a vacuum that draws in fluid and forces it out by the next set of rollers. This "peristaltic" movement of the hoses is what gives the pump its name. Peristaltic pumps are known for their ability to handle fluids without any valves or seals, making them suitable for sensitive liquids that could be damaged by shear forces.
三、History of peristaltic pump development:
Peristaltic pumps were first patented in the United States in 1855 by Rufus Porter and JD Bradley as well pumps for wells. They were later used for blood transfusion by Eugene Allen in 1881 (U.S. Patent No. 249,285). The pump was developed by cardiac surgeon Michael DeBakey Jr. in 1932 while he was still a medical student for use in blood transfusion and later for extracorporeal circulation systems. A specialized non-clogging roller pump using flexible tubing for cardiopulmonary bypass systems was developed in 1992 (U.S. Patent No. 5,222,880).
Peristaltic pump development in China: Peristaltic pumps began to be commercially manufactured in China around 1990, primarily for laboratory applications. In 2006, JieHeng Peristaltic Pump started commercial mass production of peristaltic pumps in response to market demand and has gradually gained recognition, especially among supporting manufacturers.
四、Applications of Peristaltic Pumps:
Peristaltic pumps are designed to accurately and precisely transport fluids, enabling various fluid processing techniques in different applications. Common applications include medical infusion devices, blood collection and separation for extracorporeal circulation, handling of organic solvents and corrosive chemicals, food ingredients and condiments, high-solids slurries, highly viscous liquids, and ink and printing ink.
Jieheng peristaltic pumps have undergone multiple iterations and improvements, achieving the ultimate combination of high precision and low pulse characteristics. They can meet the demanding requirements for accurate quantitative delivery in analytical instruments, enhancing the stability and reliability of these instruments. This provides effective support for the miniaturization and microanalysis detection capabilities of analytical instruments.
五、Advantages of Peristaltic Pump Features:
1、Clean and contamination-free: Fluid only comes into contact with the pump tube, not the pump body, meeting the requirements for sterile and clean transportation.
2、Low shear delivery: Fluid is not subjected to shear forces, making it suitable for transporting shear-sensitive fluids.
3、High precision delivery: The positive displacement pump's characteristic allows the pump to output a fixed amount of fluid each time it rotates, making it suitable for metering and quantitative delivery.
4、Self-priming operation: Peristaltic pumps can operate dry for transporting gases, liquids, and gas-liquid mixtures. They can also transport fluids containing solid particles, with the maximum solid particle diameter being 30% of the hose diameter. The vacuum generated by the pump enables self-priming, eliminating the need for water injection before starting.
5、Non-siphon function with stop valve: The pump tube is pinched off by the roller, preventing backflow and siphoning without using valves.
6、Equal flow rate in forward and reverse directions: By simply changing the direction of motor rotation, the pump can switch between forward and reverse fluid transport. The flow rates in both directions are equal.
7、Easy maintenance and cleaning: The hose is the only consumable component. Without valves or seals, installation is simple and easy to operate. Hoses can be quickly replaced on site.
8、Capable of transporting thick liquids such as salad dressing and glutinous rice glue, as well as abrasive and corrosive liquids. It can also transport fluids containing solid particles.
六、Disadvantages of Peristaltic Pump Features:
1、Regular replacement of hoses: The service life of flexible hoses is fixed, requiring regular replacement.
2、Pulsatile output fluid: Due to the peristaltic extrusion principle, the output fluid generates pulses. If smooth delivery is required, increasing the number of rollers can increase the pulse frequency and reduce the amplitude of fluid pulses. However, increasing the number of rollers reduces the roller spacing, which decreases hose rebound and flow rate. Additionally, increasing the number of rollers increases hose wear and reduces its lifespan.
七、Head and Pressure of Peristaltic Pumps:
The head of peristaltic pumps is determined by their pressure. Generally, small-scale OEM peristaltic pumps use 1.6mm or 2.4mm peristaltic pump hoses, which can achieve a discharge pressure of approximately 1KG. Under the condition of stable peristaltic pump flow, its head can reach 5-7 meters. Pumps using hoses with wall thicknesses of 3.3mm, 4.8mm, and 6.3mm will have greater pressure and higher head.
八、Flow Rate of Peristaltic Pumps:
Flow rate is an important parameter for pumps and is influenced by several factors, including:
1. Hose inner diameter: The larger the inner diameter, the greater the flow rate.
2. Pump rotational diameter: The larger the diameter, the greater the flow rate.
3. Pump speed: The higher the speed, the greater the flow rate.
4. Number of rollers: The more rollers, the lower the flow rate and the smaller the pulse amplitude.
5. Viscosity and suction height of the fluid: The higher the viscosity, specific gravity, and suction height of the fluid, the lower the hose's rebound speed and rate, resulting in reduced conveying efficiency and decreased flow rate.
6. Head and flow rate of the fluid: When the head exceeds the rated pressure of the pump, the pressure generated by the liquid will compress the pipe wall, causing it to thin and disrupting the closed shutoff state of the hose, leading to backflow.
九、Application Areas of Peristaltic Pumps:
Peristaltic pumps are designed to precisely and quantitatively transport fluids. Therefore, they can be applied in various industries that require precise and quantitative fluid transportation, such as medical devices, analytical instruments, water treatment, environmental protection equipment, coatings and paints, printing and painting, food and beverages, chemical and pharmaceutical manufacturing, process industries, and many others.
十、Classification of Peristaltic Pumps:
1. Complete Peristaltic Pumps: These are ready-to-use products that come with functions such as start/stop, forward/reverse rotation, speed adjustment, and flow rate control when plugged into a power source. They are commonly used in laboratories and factories.
2. OEM Compatible Peristaltic Pumps: OEM peristaltic pumps are mainly used by instrument manufacturers for integration into instruments and equipment as part of a complete system. They require users to provide power and drive control circuitry. OEM peristaltic pumps consist of pump heads and motor components and cannot be directly operated; users need to assemble and debug them themselves.
十一、Sizing of Peristaltic Pumps:
Peristaltic pumps are composed of peristaltic pump tubes, peristaltic pump heads, and drive units. Therefore, the steps for sizing a peristaltic pump are as follows:
1. Determine whether to use a complete peristaltic pump or an OEM peristaltic pump.
2. Determine the flow rate.
3. Determine the pump head: based on the number of channels needed, appearance, tube changing method, precision, lifespan, and appearance.
4. Determine the drive control section: based on the transmission precision, lifespan, appearance, and control method.
5. Determine the peristaltic pump tube: select the material of the peristaltic pump tube based on the type of liquid being transported and the desired hose lifespan.
十二、Chemical Compatibility of Peristaltic Pumps:
1. The fluid being pumped only comes into contact with the inner surface of the peristaltic pump hose in a peristaltic pump. There are no valves or seals, and it does not come into contact with any other parts of the pump. In order for the peristaltic pump to function properly, the hose needs to maintain resilience as the roller continuously compresses it. The peristaltic pump tube and the liquid being transported cannot undergo changes in chemical or physical properties, so non-elastic tubes like PTFE cannot be used in peristaltic pumps.
2. Common materials used for peristaltic pump tubes include nitrile rubber (NBR), Hypalon, Viton, silicone, PVC, EPDM, EPDM + polypropylene (such as Santoprene), polyurethane, and natural rubber. Silicone tubes are the most widely used in peristaltic pumps. Viton has good corrosion resistance but has a relatively short lifespan. TPE materials such as PharMed BPT have a longer lifespan. The working lifespan of various peristaltic pump hoses can be found in the lifespan table for peristaltic pump hoses.
3. The chemical compatibility of the fluid being transported with different hose materials can be obtained by querying the chemical compatibility table or conducting chemical compatibility experiments.